Paulo Reglus Neves Freire[a] (19 September 1921 – 2 May 1997) was a Marxist Brazilian educator and philosopher who was a leading advocate of critical pedagogy. His influential work Pedagogy of the Oppressed is generally considered one of the foundational texts of the critical pedagogy movement.

In 1961, he was appointed director of the Department of Cultural Extension at the University of Recife. In 1962, he had the first opportunity for large-scale application of his theories, when, in an experiment, 300 sugarcane harvesters were taught to read and write in just 45 days. In response to this experiment, the Brazilian government approved the creation of thousands of cultural circles across the country.[46]

The 1964 Brazilian coup d’état put an end to Freire’s literacy effort, as the ruling military junta did not endorse it. Freire was subsequently imprisoned as a traitor for 70 days. After a brief exile in Bolivia, Freire worked in Chile for five years for the Christian Democratic Agrarian Reform Movement and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. In 1967, Freire published his first book, Education as the Practice of Freedom. He followed it up with his most famous work, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, which was first published in 1968.

After a positive international reception of his work, Freire was offered a visiting professorship at Harvard University in 1969. The next year, Pedagogy of the Oppressed was published in Spanish and English, vastly expanding its reach. Because of political feuds between Freire, a Christian socialist, and Brazil’s successive right-wing authoritarian military governments, the book went unpublished in Brazil until 1974, when, starting with the presidency of Ernesto Geisel, the military junta started a process of slow and controlled political liberalisation.[citation needed]

Following a year in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Freire moved to Geneva to work as a special education advisor to the World Council of Churches. During this time Freire acted as an advisor on education reform in several former Portuguese colonies in Africa, particularly Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. In 1979, he first visited Brazil after more than a decade of exile, eventually moving back in 1980. Freire joined the Workers’ Party (PT) in São Paulo and acted as a supervisor for its adult literacy project from 1980 to 1986. When the Workers’ Party won the 1988 São Paulo mayoral elections in 1988, Freire was appointed municipal Secretary of Education. Freire is widely considered the grandfather of Critical Education Theory. Freire died of heart failure on 2 May 1997, in São Paulo.[47]

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What is Perusall?

Perusall is a social e-reader and digital annotation tool that lets you highlight and comment on text and images, while engaging in conversation with other members of the same group.

Annotating while reading is proven to be a more effective approach to learning something. Reading theory, given is mostly an aspect of self-development into becoming a better leftist and putting it into Praxis. Perusall is a helpful tool for learning faster. It also makes the reading of theory less boring and lonely of an experience as you can converse and engage with other people at the same time they are reading - or come in after them and read their own notes.

Schedule

Week 1 - July 1st Foreword and Chapter 1. Sunday Discussion.

Week 2 - July 8th Chapter 2, Sunday Discussion.

Week 3 - July 15th Chapter 3, Sunday Discussion.

Week 4 - July 22nd Chapter 4, Sunday Discussion.

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